![]() ![]() ![]() The N-terminal domain of MR contains an autonomous activation function-1 that is considered to be constitutively active and plays a key role in the interaction with transcriptional coregulators ( 2) and with the ligand-binding domain (LBD) ( 3). The MR is composed of 984 amino acids and displays a modular structure comprising three separate domains with specific functions ( 2). Among them are genes coding for proteins involved in transepithelial sodium transport such as Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase and the amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) as well as their regulatory proteins serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase 1 (sgk1) and glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ) ( 2). ![]() Aldosterone, the principal mineralocorticoid hormone in human, exerts its effects through the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR), which acts as a ligand-activated transcription factor that induces or represses expression of specific target genes. Mineralocorticoids are predominantly involved in the maintenance of water and salt homeostasis by regulating vectorial sodium transport in tight epithelia including the distal tubule of the kidney, the distal colon, and the salivary and sweat glands ( 1). ![]()
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